Chinese Gardens essays

Chinese Gardens essays Tu Fu once said Even if the nation should be destroyed, the mountains and rivers will remain. The Chinese people are well aware of the grandeour in the geography of their land. Chinese civilization has developed over thousands of years in an environment composed of five mountain ranges forming a criss-crossing grid and whose upland account for eighty-five percent of the country, leaving a mere fifteen percent of land available for farming. In addition to the mountains is the element of water. There run three great rivers and their tributaries which flow into the East China Sea, with the East China Sea accounting for Chinas entire eastern boarder. These geographical features have long been ingrained into their culture. The view of landscape as well as villages have long been partitioned by the mountains and the rivers and ocean have long played a part in fertility and deployment of goods. The facination with such enviornmental elements as discussed in the former can been seen reflect ed in the Chinese garden as well as many other elements of importance to their culture. The desire for and luxury of having a garden in China grew out of the lack of ownable land. Starting from the beginning of society all farmable land was being carefully used and recycled to feed the growing population through hunting and farming. Then thorough time hunting was stopped and the population piled up in both the countryside and in large cities which developed though thoughtful organization. The repercussions of this are threefold; first, gardens created a space to retreat to in such crowded conditions; second, the gardens needed to be designed in such a way as to maxamize the asthetic capabilities in a limited spaces; and thirdly, these spaces needed to appear in contrast with the planned space. Hense owning land soaley for personal, aesthetic pursposes in China developed as an attribute to the wealthy. The earliest conc...

The Five Main Types of Adverbs in English

The Five Main Types of Adverbs in English Adverbs are one of the  eight parts of speech  and  are used to modify verbs. They can describe how, when, where, and how often something is done. Here is a guide to the five types of adverbs. Adverbs of Manner Adverbs of manner provide information on how someone does something. Adverbs of manner are most often used with action verbs. Adverbs of manner include:  slowly, fast, carefully, carelessly, effortlessly, urgently, etc.  Adverbs of manner can be placed at the end of sentences or directly before or after the verb.   Examples Jack drives very carefully.He won the tennis match effortlessly.She slowly opened the present.   Adverbs of Time and Frequency Adverbs of time provide information on when something happens. Adverbs of time can express a specific time such as  in two days, yesterday, three weeks ago, etc.  Adverbs of time are usually placed at the end of sentences, though they sometimes begin a sentence. Examples Well let you know our decision next week.I flew to Dallas three weeks ago.Yesterday, I received a letter from my friend in Belfast. Adverbs of frequency are similar to adverbs of time except that they express how often something happens. Adverbs of frequency are placed before the main verb. They are placed after the verb be.  Here is a list of the most common adverbs of frequency beginning with the most often to the least often: alwaysalmost alwaysusuallyoftensometimesoccasionallyseldom  rarelyalmost nevernever Examples He seldom takes a vacation.Jennifer occasionally goes to the movies.Tom is never late for work.   Adverbs of Degree Adverbs of degree provide information concerning how much of something is done. These adverbs are often placed at the end of a sentence. Examples They like playing golf a lot.She decided that she doesnt enjoy watching TV at all.  She nearly flew to Boston, but decided not to go in the end.   Adverbs of Place Adverbs of place tell us where something happened. They include works such as  nowhere, anywhere, outside, everywhere, etc.   Examples Tom will go anywhere with his dog.Youll find that there is nowhere like home.She found the box outside.   Formation Adverbs are usually formed by adding -ly to an adjective. quiet - quietly, careful - carefully, careless - carelessly Adjectives ending in -le change to -ly. possible - possibly, probable - probably, incredible - incredibly Adjectives ending in -y change to -ily. lucky - luckily, happy - happily, angry - angrily Adjectives ending in -ic change to -ically. basic - basically, ironic - ironically, scientific - scientifically Some adjectives are irregular. good - well, hard - hard, fast -fast Sentence Placement Adverbs of Manner: Adverbs of manner are placed after the verb or entire expression (at the end of the sentence). Their teacher speaks quickly. Adverbs of Time: Adverbs of time are placed after the verb or entire expression (at the end of the sentence). She visited her friends last year. Adverbs of Frequency: Adverbs of frequency are placed before the main verb (not the auxiliary verb). He often goes to bed late. Do you sometimes get up early? Adverbs of Degree: Adverbs of degree are placed after the verb or entire expression (at the end of the sentence). Shell attend the meeting as well. Adverbs of place: Adverbs of place are generally placed at the end of a sentence. She walked out of the room to nowhere.   Important Exceptions Some adverbs are placed at the beginning of a sentence to provide more emphasis. Now you tell me you cant come! Adverbs of frequency are placed after the verb to be when used as the main verb of the sentence. Jack is often late for work. Some adverbs of frequency (sometimes, usually, normally) are also placed at the beginning of the sentence for emphasis. Sometimes I visit my friends in London.

Franz Marc Inspiration By Astronomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Franz Marc Inspiration By Astronomy - Essay Example This is a journal that would later become famous due the circle of artists that collaborated in it (Gerald 16). In the year 1912, Marc met with Robert Delaunay; this was an artist whose style was identified by many artists as the futuristic. The futuristic aspect was majorly on the use of color. Roberts work is known to be a major influence of the work done by marc and mainly influenced by the style of futurism and cubism (Wolf, et al, 68). This influenced Marc’s work to be more abstract and stark in nature. The work by Marc was deemed as fascinating as he was able to draw some of his artistic aspects from astronomy. Some of the most famous arts that Franz Marc is known for are ‘The deer in the woods’, ‘the fate of the animals’, ‘the lamb’ and ‘the fighting forms’. Franz marc is known for his fascination in animals of which he incorporated in his paintings. Franz Marc paintings are known for the bright color aspects which man y critics have associated with some cosmology aspects. Cosmology is the study of origins of the stars and the fate of the bodies that forms the universe. Franz in some of his artwork associated mixture of color which is associated with some of the heavenly aspects.... Edmondo Bacci’s painting known by the name, oil with sand on canvas is an example of artwork that was inspired by Vasily Kandinsky and Franz Marc. In the Edmondo’s painting, the similarity to Franz painting is majorly associated with Franz work from the perspective that the three primary colors are the dominating colors in his painting (Marc, et al, 37). Edmondo having drawn inspiration of this art work from the cosmic bodies, Franz work can be awarded similar attributions in his work with the ‘Deer in the woods’. On the astronomical aspect the paintings by Franz marc can be associated by auroras, Auroras are colorful patters that are formed in the sky and are mostly occur in high latitude regions ( Liedke 6). These patterns are made of bright swirling colors that make them magnificent to look at. With the art work of Franz, the swirling effect that can be realized from the viewer’s perspective is relatively similar with the colorful patterns that fo rm the auroras. The first impression that one gets from the look of Franz’s painting is the colorful swirling image, the swirl effect has been referred to as the association with the genesis and the destruction of the heavenly bodies’ theories that have been put forth by many scientist. Van Gogh is one of the people who inspired the art by Franz Marc; van Gogh was popular among the greatest artists for his paintings that depicted the night skies. He is celebrated for his artistic powers in imagination of what encompasses the heavenly bodies. A piece of art that was created in the year 1889 known as the ‘starry night’ is a painting that was done by Van Gogh. This painting was considered as one of the major inspirations for most of the works done by Franz Marc. The inspirations that

Personality disorders and eating disorders Essay

Personality disorders and eating disorders - Essay Example would have been very difficult for me even to accept the behavior of Aidan initially, but with time I would have also accepted the absurd behavior or sexual innuendoes of Aidan. Like Richard only, I would have also passed through a volley of comments sometimes discreet and sometimes open from my colleagues or seniors. At one side the pang of homophobia and on the other hand the teasing and threats of mismanagement regarding handling the case form the colleagues would have been a mental pressure and anxiety for me. I would have felt disgusted, lonely, and even distracted from my other jobs as the client used to show resentment for Richard’s divided attention. At some point of time my disgust would have reached its optimum point as it can happen in the case of any happily married man. The sense of isolation or when everybody around fails to interpret one’s activities is really more depressing and frustrating for a working married man as in this case the mental disgust cau ses misbalance in behavior which causes disturbances in both the domain-professional and personal. But like Richard only I would have also discussed the case with my staff and crew cause open communication helps in clearing up all the misunderstandings and doubts. It is obvious that Richard shares a special kind of sympathy with the patient which is a mark of a true nursing staff but really it is impossible to say whether it would have been possible for me like Richard to hold back patience and face the disgust of everyone around yet serve the ailing client who can be a trauma to any one and every one. Though tough but in this case dealing with Aidan in my own way and receiving comments and giving explanations for the way of treatment would have been hard for me to balance, but with endurance and patience I would have overcome it. Putting oneself in place of Aidan who is an acute patient of Personality Disorder is weirder but like Aida, I would also have tried to cling to Richard and my

A Comparison Between Pakistani And British Consumers On Buying Moblies Marketing Essay

A Comparison Between Pakistani And British Consumers On Buying Moblies Marketing Essay Mobile phone has become an important part of human life .With the invention of new technology, along with computers, this technology has ease the work of human being in communicating with each others. Before the invention of mobile phones, there were land line telephones which also help human being to communicate with each others but at a limited scale. To use land line, person should be at one place where that phone is installed. But mobile phones remove this barrier by allowing customers to communicate with each others from any place where it has signals. AS this system is connected with the satellite, person can communicate without any hurdle. This is the only technology on the globe which is sold at highest numbers than any other technology. Out of 6.8 billion people on the earth, 5 billion use mobile phones (international telecommunication union, 2010).Two countries Pakistan and UK have been chosen for this dissertation because these two countries are very much different in many prospective. Pakistan telecommunication authority (PTA, 2010) shows that mobile phone in Pakistan enjoy a tremendous annual growth of 119% during 2000 to 2007. It is also being observed that between fiscal year 2006-07, mobile phone penetration increased by 15.5%. Whereas between years 2007-08, it was 55.6% which is 34.9% higher than Indias for the same period. Pakistans telecommunications industry maintains its growth trend in the coming years as well with the penetration rate in 2009 was 61.8% and in September this penetration rate reaches to 70%.On the other hand UK mobile phone market is different than Pakistani market. According to report presented by Ofcom (2007), the mobile phone market in UK grew by 41.3% between 2003 to 2007.In 2010, the penetration rate in UK was 84% which stay same till 2011.Mobile phone market is very competitive these days as there are number of companies who are trying to compete in this market to become the best in the business. It is very essential for the companies to better understand the buying behaviour of the customers.It gives them an edge on the competitors in targeting the right segment and getting market share. The purchasing decisions of consumers are mostly affected by factors that have direct or indirect impact on how we live and what we consume. Culture is one of the factors that impact on buying behaviour of consumers. Culture represents the behaviour, beliefs and, in many cases, the way we act learned by interacting or observing other members of society. In this way much of what we do is shared behaviour, passed along from one member of society to another. Culture play an important role in breaking target market into different segments and then targets the right segment. Blackwell et al., (2001) demonstrated that culture has a profound influence on how and why consumers purchase a range of products and services. The selection of products by consumer affect by the culture and it can help companies to design their marketing plan. Culture shapes the lifestyle of the consumer which affect directly on the buying pattern of the consumer. The cultural comparison between Pakistan and UK about mobile phone purchasing behaviour will provide a complete picture which will help understand these two countries mobile phone market. Culture defines the lifestyle of the people so it is very important for the manager to understand this factor and design a marketing plan by considering culture as a back bone of marketing. Companies these days are operating globally, marketing manager should divide the targeting segment into small sub segments on the basis of culture to market their product efficiently. Pakistani culture represent the most part of Asias culture and British culture represent the most of European culture. This purpose of this study to find the cultural impact on consumer buying behaviour of these two countries so that marketers of telecommunication industry use it to generalise it for the whole Asia and Europe. Literature Review Culture is defined in many different ways that can be used here for the sake of this paper. Culture is defined as ways of life like language, arts science, thoughts, spirituality, social activity and interaction (Roshan).By Hofstede (1991, 2001), culture is an identity that is used to distinguish one group from another.Keegan and schlegemilch (2001) state that culture is formed by people those are living in a community for many years and has a life that pass on from one generation to another. This mean that culture has a starting point and finish point. So its all about the life style of a group of people whom code of life is represented by culture.Doney etal(1998) defined culture as a system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living. So by Doney culture is the design of life. There are many different cultures exist and these cultures represents particular group of people who actually adapted that design. It also depend on the individuals whose life style effect on the culture.Doney Lowe (2008, 73) believe that culture is made up of three essentials components. Those are (1) Beliefs: refers to the mental and verbal processes that reflect peoples knowledge and assessments of things. (2) Values: used by people as guide for what is appropriate behaviour. (3) Customs: Overt modes of behaviour that constitute culturally approved or acceptable way of behaving in specific situations. To be very precise as far as this project is concerned, above definitions of culture are generalised. Actually theme of culture that is more suitable to this dissertation is that culture defined way of living, behaving, acting in a particular situation, dealing with others and organising oneself. That is way it is very important for the marketers who are dealing international business particularly should understand the importance of this phenomena. If they understand this concept and then target particularly segment on the basis of culture then it will be easy for them to launch the product in the right segment. So culture is the medium for communication for marketers that transmit these beliefs, values, behaviour and norms into shaping the attitude and behaviour of human. It help the members of such group in deciding what, why, where, how and when to do different things and how to act in a particular situation. So it means that culture is not a static concept. Its dynamic and it can change with the passage of time and influence ones own behaviour although they also contribute to the culture. Customer buying behaviour is another factor that affects consumer choices and trends. Recognizing consumer behaviours importance to business, marketers attempt to develop means on assessing or measuring how a customer behaves (Bailey and Schultz, 2000). Consumer buying behaviour is said to be different from one business to another in a way that consumer buying behaviour tends to have different attitudes about the needs and purpose of buying while the business-to-business approach is one which is more on supplier-company relationship. So consumer buying behaviour is the procedure which shows what, how, when and where people buy the product as they do. Thus this is an attempt to understand the decision making process in buying the products. The first thing is trying to understand the buying behaviour of the individual from the same group. Then generalise it to the whole group because all the individuals in the group have same characteristics. But decision making process is not easy. Th ere are different levels of decision making forms. Some are low-involvement decision making process , some are high involvement decision making process. So it all depends on the product itself as well. Mobile phones are not high involvement decisions making products. But these decisions are also depend on consumer perception, attitudes and understanding of the given product based on the educational background, societal background, financial situation and more importantly social and cultural environment. Culture here play an important role on the consumer buying pattern as individuals can not live alone. They are part on culture and the way they behave all depend on the cultural environment in which they live. So it is very important that to understand the cultural to study the buying behaviour of consumer and this dissertation is all about this. Pakistan and UK are two different cultures. Both these cultures have strong influence on the buying behaviour of its consumers. Hofstede (1991, 2001) divide culture into two different types. One is called individualistic and other one is collectivist. According to this dissertation UK is highly individualistic country in which people mostly decide individually about the buying of products. On the other hand, Pakistan scores highly as a collectivists country where family, friends or group influence the buying behaviour. Individualist and collectivist are two out of five cultural dimensions which Hofstede find out when he was trying to find an explanation for the motivation of IBM employees around the world. Hall (1960, 1981, 1990) presented culture as high and low context cultures. He explains that culture can be divided into two groups. One is called high context culture and other one is called low context culture. The theme of difference between these two cultures according to Hall is the individual relationship. He stated that high context culture is based on the close tie between individuals personals relationships such as family, friends and colleagues etc. and in this group information and knowledge is share exclusively. People in this group are social and they care each other, listen to each others, sometime depend each others and discuss information between each others. Hall (1960. 1981, 1990) stated that high context culture is more common in East. And as far as this project is concerned, it represents Pakistan. On the other hand, low context culture is belonging to outer group. In this culture, people live their individual life. They belong to their personal network. Family, f riends and colleagues are all separate to each others. All of them live their individual life. Things are share less exclusively. People are more independent and make their own decisions.UK is the one in this dissertation which represents low context culture. Here society in not social enough to influence the decisions of others. People live their own life and they rarely involve in the decisions making process of others. Industry Background Telecommunication industry is the fastest growing industry in the world. This is because of the fast growth in technology sector and increasingly becoming part of human lifestyle. With 73% of the world population is using mobile phones , the network covers the 90% of the world area (mob thinking, Oct2010).Mobile phone industry started way back in 1970s when first mobile phone launched in Japan.After that this industry never look back and continuously grow with different transition period. During the last 40 years it have undergone a transition from technology focused for professional business to a mass consumer market and become an integral part of lifestyle. With the passage of time, it is not only used as a communication tool but also it is helping consumers in other businesses like of internet , financial transaction , tracking device , video conferencing and many more. Pakistan and UK mobile phone market is very strong in the sense that Pakistani market is still growing and it need to know more about consumer buying behaviour.UK mobile phone market is also growing but more effort is needed to do business with the existing customers. Culture of an important role in consumer buying behaviour in both these market which is why this research is being done to let marketers understand the depth in the market. The comparison between these two segments will help marketers understand that how to target the existing segment and how to create new segments within the existing segment. Research Aim Literature Review

Change 4 Life Essay

Change 4 Life is a scheme which aims to help everyone, but especially children, to eat well, exercise and therefore hopefully live longer. One of the main principles is to reduce the amount of obesity in the UK. It is a fact that people today are a lot less active than they should be and rather than exercising, people are opting to use their free time watching television and playing the latest computer games. This is proven as only 37% of men and 25% of women in the UK currently achieve the levels of physical activity recommended by the Department of Health. Not only has our daily exercise fallen but how we eat and the type of food we eat has also declined. People are now choosing the easy and more ‘convenient’ option of fast food. Change 4 Life are trying their best to react to peoples new ‘modern day life’, by encouraging people to exercise more frequently and reduce the fat intake in their diet. Physical activity helps to reduce the amount of fat stored in the body and this in turn reduces the risk of contracting life threatening illnesses such as Type 2 diabetes, heart disease and cancer. Change 4 Life promotes the idea of many different activities, ranging from walking and running to skipping and jumping. They believe that any exercise is better than none. They realise that it is important to have a healthy balanced lifestyle, which should consist of the following, nutritious diet, social life, rest/sleep, free time, physical exercise and control of stress and pressure. Change 4 Life hope to do what their name suggests. Up and About† is the slogan for children with the idea of encouraging them to be active whenever possible. On their website they give suggestions of how this can be done. Many are just simple ideas such as rather than driving to school, walk instead. This not only helps the children but the environment at the same time. They also give tips such as having a disco in the lounge, skipping, hide and seek and dancing. They have also tried to introduce a ‘2 hour maximum TV time’, meaning kids have to try new things out. This would then hopefully encourage children to be more active. On the website they have even created indoor and outdoor games, which can be played by everyone, e. g. the lamp post game that involves racing between each set of lamp posts on the way to school or the shops. Not only does exercise keep you fit and healthy it can help your sleeping pattern, relieve stress so that you feel more relaxed. This is why Change 4 Life recommends that as a family you should try to do sixty minutes of ctivities per day. They say that â€Å"active kids are happy kids†. They also say that it is important to have a well balanced and nutritious diet incorporating at least 5 fruit and vegetables a day. The scheme has loads of suggestions on which items actually count as one of your 5 fruits and veg such as smoothies and frozen and canned vegetables. They also give tips on how to compare food labels so that you become aware what the food contains e. g calories, sugar, salt etc. The way people cook/prepare the food is also essential, as this can increase the amount of fat in someone’s body, especially if it’s cooked in a lot of oil. There are many examples that Change 4 Life give to families to help them, sugar swaps being one of them, so rather than having food and drink with added sugar, they should swap for versions that are either sugar free or have very little sugar. Lastly they have loads of fun family activities such as Swim4Life, Bike4Life, Play4Life and Walk4Life, which are lots of fun and get the whole family involved in an active lifestyle.

Interpretation of Where Are You Going, Where Have You...

Joyce Carol Oatess â€Å"Where are you going, Where have you been?† tells the story of a young girls journey to find her own identity. Along the way she uses her beauty and sexuality to create, in her mind, a feeling of maturity which ultimately becomes her downfall. She believes that by spending her summer days in the mall, dressing in a way that is different than what she would wear at home, and flirting with older boys, while finding pleasure in ignoring boys she knows, she is being her own person and is creating her own identity—one that is different from that of her mothers or sisters. It is not until the end of the story, when Arnold Friend comes into her house, that she begins to realize what is truly important. The title of the†¦show more content†¦As someone who was very pretty in her own youth, but then had to grow up, she knew that beauty fades and it is not what is truly important in life. It seems as though the mother wants Connie to understand that as well, but does not know how to convey her message and so it comes out in other ways. â€Å" Stop gawking at yourself. Who are you? You think youre so pretty?[...] Why dont you keep your room clean like your sister? Howve you got your hair fixed—what the hell stinks? Hair spray? You dont see your sister using that junk.† (Oates) She always compared Connie to her sister, June. June is described as â€Å" twenty-four and still lived at home[...] she was so plain and chunky and steady that Connie had to hear her praised all the time by her mother and her mothers sisters. June did this, June did that, she saved money and helped clean the house and cooked and Connie couldnt do a thing, her mind was all filled with trashy daydreams.†(Oates) The two sisters got along with each other on some days, but mostly they seemed to resent each other. Even when her mother compared the two of them, Connie believed that â€Å" her mother preferred her to June just bec ause she was prettier† (Oates) While there was not any indication that his was true, the way that Connies motherShow MoreRelated Joyce Carol Oates Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?1539 Words   |  7 PagesJoyce Carol Oates Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Joyce Carol Oates was born in 1938 in Lockport, New York. She started writing very young and that the age of fifteen she submitted her first novel, but it was rejected for being too dark;. This style of writing is common on many of her works including Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?; Oates graduated from Syracuse University and then went on to get her masters degree from the University of Wisconsin. Oates turnedRead MoreWho Is Arnold Friend?1591 Words   |  7 PagesWho is Arnold Friend? Joyce Carol Oates was born June 16, 1938 in Lockport New York. 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There are hundreds of analyses for this story out there, but I am going to just be talking about three;Read MoreComparison of Smooth Talk to â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?†1028 Words   |  5 PagesComparison of Smooth Talk to â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† Joyce Carol Oakes’s short story, â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† was written in 1966 and twenty years later was made into a movie entitled Smooth Talk, winner of the 1985 U.S. Film Festival for best dramatic picture. The writing by Oates is loosely based on a true story described as â€Å"the tale of Charles Schmid, a twenty-three-year-old who cruises teenage hangouts, picking up girls for rides in his gold convertible†Read MoreVerbal Irony In Harry Potter1711 Words   |  7 Pagesaudience’s interpretations of events and dialogue, enticing the audience with its consequential suspense and humor. 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